The forest vegetation displays greater variability in species composition resulted from variation in topography, altitude, climate and soil and other human induced factors.

The commercial forest plantation is dominated primarily by Eucalyptus Species constituting more than 92.66% of the plantation forest. Cupressus lustanica and pinus species other exotic species constitute 5.9 %. The other exotics including Gravielia and Acacia deccurence covers 0.32 % of the plantation forest. The indigenous plantation forest which is composed of few indigenous species including Juniperus procera, Podocarpus falcatus, Hagenia abyssinica, Cordia africana and Olea europea constitutes 1.11% of the plantation forest.

Since most of the plantation forest is bordering with the city of Addis Ababa and other emerging towns anthropogenic and natural factors such as human encroachment and Intrusion of domestic animals threatens the continued existence of the forest. Uncoordinated activities between the sectors of government associated with lack of accountability have exposed the forest resource for un lawful usage that highly threatens its sustainability.

The natural vegetation is composed of semi humid land vegetation type modified by the unique local environment. The valley bottoms, riverine areas and upper slopes within the forest are covered with remnant native tree and shrubs of high diversity indicating the pristine vegetation types of the area.

The natural forest is affected by various activities of human beings mainly deforestation for settlement and agricultural practices. Deforestation in the past decades reduced the size of the forest. Forest degradation is another form of forest destruction whereby the most valued species being removed from the forest and reducing the productive potential of the forest for sustainable harvest. Most of the natural forests in our concession have been affected by both deforestation and forest degradation. The only remnant primitive forest growth with relatively better and diversified species composition is found in the central part of the Jibat forest below the mountain summit in the South west direction.

The wood lands in wildlife areas in the rift valley region and Dara incense site are dominated mainly by tree species of Acacia, Boswelia and Commiphora species. Other drought tolerant species of shrubs and ground herbs, an important browse for wild animals are also the characteristics of the wood lands.

All of our forests especially the natural forest has environmental and social value. The values it contains include rare and endemic species, rare habitats and recreational sites or resources used by tourists and local residents. These values have high significant biodiversity values or high conservation values of the forests. During the extensive assessment of the forest wild mammalian species are noted and recorded both in the plantation and natural forests.

The role of the forest in supporting the remnant mammalian and diverse especially high land biome species of birds is an outstanding significance for biodiversity conservation.  Areas most important for biodiversity or wildlife value include:

• Jibat forest serves as a refuge for 11 mammalian species and more than 150 species of birds
• Suba forest home for 8 mammalian and 143 bird species that includes rare and endemics
• Yerer forest home for 10 mammalian species and more than 103 species of birds
• Barak and Chancho plantation forests are home for medium sized antelopes
• Remnant native vegetation